Cnidaria

Cnidaria is a phylum and it contains over 10,000 different species. 1. Feeding- Cnidaria are filter feeders.Cnidarians feed in several ways, predation, absorbing dissolved organic chemicals, filtering food particles out of the water, and obtaining nutrients from symbiotic algae within their cells. 2. Respiration- There are no respiratory organs, and both cell layers absorb oxygen from and expel carbon dioxide into the surrounding water. 3. Circulation When the water in the digestive cavity becomes stale it must be replaced, and nutrients that have not been absorbed will be expelled with it. 4. Excretion- Once the food is in the digestive cavity, gland cells in the gastroderm release enzymes that reduce the prey to slurry, usually within a few hours. 5. Response- Cnidaria have no brains or even central nervous systems. Instead they have decentralized nerve nets consisting of sensory neurons that generate signals in response to various types of stimulus, such as odors, motor neurons that tell muscles to contract, and "cobwebs" of intermediate neurons to connect them. 6. Movement- In medusae the only supporting structure is the mesoglea. These animals have no head either. 7. Reproduction- In the Cnidaria sexual reproduction often involves a complex life cycle with both polyp and medusa stages. All known cnidaria can reproduce asexually by various means, in addition to regenerating after being fragmented.

Sponge

Sponges are animals of the  Porifera. They are multicellular organisms that have bodies full of pores and channels allowing water to circulate through them, consisting of jelly-like mesophyl sandwiched between two thin layers of cells. Sponges have unspecialized cells that can transform into other types and which often migrate between the main cell layers and the mesohyl in the process. Sponges do not have nervous, digestive or circulatory systems. Instead, most rely on maintaining a constant water flow through their bodies to obtain food and oxygen and to remove wastes.

Acorns and pine cones

Pine cones can be similar and very different at the same time. The main difference that they have is that pinecones have seeds and acorns don't. another difference is that acorns come from oak trees while pine cones come pine trees. Acorns are rare because animals such as squirrels eat them. They are usually eaten then the animal disposes of them, they then grow. Pine cones are made from there flying sperms(Pollon). The thing pine cones and acorns have in common is that they both grow on trees.

Extreme Plant

The leaf of Darlingtonia is unique: it is tubular, and contains a fluid that digests trapped insects. The upper part of the leaf, is modified for the trapping function. The end of the leaf is hooded. There is a circular opening through which insects can fly into the hood. If you look closely you can see the opening in. So why would they do so? One reason: on the two flag-like structures, there are glands that secrete sugary nectar, such as flies and other insects like to feed on. There are more nectar glands inside the hood, so an insect tends to progress right into the hood.

gymnosperm microscope

pine cone craft

Midterm evaluation

Classification: I chose this project because it shows how I understood the different aspects of classification.

 This also shows my understanding of classification and shows how I understood the unit.

Taxonomy: http://kelvanmangat.blogspot.ca/2013/09/sycamore-planetree-platanus.html

I chose this blog because it was my second time posting a blog and helped me learn more about blogpsot and taxonomy.

Evolution:I chose this project because it was quite difficult for me to do and I struggled but still got 100% on it. 

Evolution Blog: http://kelvanmangat.blogspot.ca/2013/10/evolution-and-natural-selection.html

Viruses:
I chose this blog because it was difficult researching and took a long time doing this blog and part 2.
http://kelvanmangat.blogspot.ca/2013/10/viruses_7.html
http://kelvanmangat.blogspot.ca/2013/10/viruses-part-two.html

Bacteria:
I think Shanveer and I did a good job on this lab and understand the concept very well.
http://kelvanmangat.blogspot.ca/2013/10/bacterial-growth.html
http://kelvanmangat.blogspot.ca/2013/10/second-bacteria-plate.html
By finishing off bacteria Shanveer and I created a very well done bacteria model.
http://kelvanmangat.blogspot.ca/2013/10/play-dough-bacteria-model.html

Protists:
http://kelvanmangat.blogspot.ca/2013/10/algae-microscope.html
I chose this because I understood this the best in this unit and it really helped me understand algae and protists.

Disscussion:
In this course i have completed all the blogs and assignments and handed them in on time or a day later due to soccer. Even though i missed a lot of classes because of soccer i managed to catch up and finish my assignments. I think i can be a lot more engaging in class talks and stuff like that. Even though i dont really participate a lot i have presented my interesting findings and presented them to the class. I am very engaged in doing my work when it has to be done. I dont rush my assignments and blogposts i take my time and do them as best i can. I believe the most powerful learning experience are the blogposts. I think writing blogs and posting things we find interesting really help us understand biology better because we can see other peoples points of view too. I think i have done good but not the best i can do in this class. I did not manage my time to study for quizzes enough as i should have due to school soccer, and soccer outside of school. I shouldnt use soccer as an excuse for my last 2 quizzes because i chose to play soccer. Now that the season is over i believe i can study more and do my best on quizzes and tests! Even though I havent done as well as i could on 2 quizzes i still think i did very well on my blogposts and assignments, so I believe i deserve atleast the letter grade B in this term and atleast 80% and im motivated to do a lot better in this class now.

celebrity organisms- adolf hitler

Anophthalmus hitleri

algae microscope

play dough bacteria model

Blood shooting lizard

Why do Horned Lizards shoot blood out of their eyes?

The ominous squirting blood emanates from ducts in the corners of their eyes and can travel a distance of up to three feet (one meter). It’s meant to confuse would-be predators, but also contains a chemical that is noxious to dogs, wolves, and coyotes.


http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gEl6TXrkZnk

Second bacteria plate

For my second bacteria plate I used bacteria from a lock from a locker, and I covered the whole plate with it. Except in the first quadrant the bacteria is controlled, nothing was done to affect it, but in the second quadrant I added a piece of paper towel soaked in vinegar. In the third quadrant I added a piece of paper towel soaked in bleach, and in the fourth quadrant I added a piece of paper towel soaked in soap. The purpose of this is to see what kind of liquids stop bacteria from growing. As you can see from the picture of my plate, the controlled bacteria obviously grew and in the second, third, and fourth quadrant, no bacteria grew. So, the vinegar, bleach, and soap works. These liquids kill bacteria. I think this experiment can be done with viruses too.

Bacterial Growth

Not that much happened on my bacteria plate. The third quadrant has the most bacteria in it, which is still not that much. The first quadrant had bacteria from the classroom light switch, second quadrant had bacteria from the yellow railing of the stairs, the third quadrant had bacteria from a lock from a locker, and the fourth quadrant had bacteria from the classroom's door knob. The lock from a locker had the most bacteria on it.

Reflection

I am proud of many things I have completed in Bio 11 so far. If I had to choose 3 they would probably be:

1) Classification Project
2) Evolution Video
3) Classification Quiz

I chose these 3 things because I had fun doing them, I learned a lot while doing them and I believe I did a good job on them.

If I were to look at my binder all of my work would be organized with dividers because I cant work with a messy binder. It is very hard to find things and I often lose things so I decide to keep my binder as neat as possible. All my work is now completed and I am fully caught up. I was a bit behind before because of the classes I had missed due to soccer but I worked hard to catch up.

My favorite blog post is the virus blog because I found the research very interesting and learned many new things that I didn't know about measles and other viruses before. I found this blog post very helpful because by reading other peoples virus blog posts I also learned many new things about the virus they had researched.

I think that being engaged in class means listening carefully, following instructions and asking questions if you have any. I think I am usually engaged in learning but could work on getting involved more and asking and answering more questions the teacher or class has.

My goal for the rest of the semester is to be more engaging and finish assignments and projects before they are due so that I do not fall behind. Even if I have a soccer game and miss the class I should read the blog and get caught up on anything I have missed.

Viruses Part two

MEASLES-

• When that person sneezes or coughs, droplets spray into the air. The droplets can get into other people’s noses or throats when they breathe or put their fingers in their mouth or nose after touching an infected surface. The virus can live on infected surfaces for up to 2 hours and spreads so easily that people who are not immune will probably get it when they come close to someone who is infected.

Symptoms of Measles:

• Fever
• Dry cough
• Runny nose
• Sore throat
• Inflamed eyes (conjunctivitis)
• Sensitivity to light
• Tiny white spots with bluish-white centers found inside the mouth on the inner lining of the cheek, called Koplik's spots
• A skin rash made up of large, flat blotches that often flow into one another

• Before measles vaccine, each year in the United States about 450-500 people died because of measles, 48,000 were hospitalized, 7,000 had seizures, and about 1,000 suffered permanent brain damage or deafness. Today there are only about 60 cases a year reported in the United States, and most of these originate outside the country.

• Measles were first discovered in the 1930s at Boston.

• The circumstances that created measles were another epidemic called smallpox.

Viruses

Part one-
 1) The general structure of viruses are very small, they are approximately 15 - 25 nanometers in diameter. They are called nucleic acids and are in a protein shell or coat.

2) The genetic material that makes up the virus can be the following; Double stranded DNA, Double stranded RNA, single stranded DNA and Single stranded RNA. This genetic material is dependent on the type of virus and its nature it is also covered by a protein shell.

3)

 



4) Plant-  Polymyxa graminis is a species of plasmodiophorid protist. It is an obligate parasite of plant roots and though itself in non-pathogenic, it is responsible for the transmission of several very important plant viruses, including barley yellow mosaic virus and soil-borne wheat mosaic virus .

 

Animal- Rabies is a viral disease that causes acute encephalitis in warm-blooded animals.The disease is zoonotic, meaning it can be transmitted to humans from another species (such as dogs), commonly by a bite from an infected animal. For a human, rabies is almost invariably fatal if postexposure prophylaxis is not administered prior to the onset of severe symptoms. The rabies virus infects the central nervous system, ultimately causing disease in the brain and death.

 

5) I think viruses are very much alive. They spread for organism to organism and create diseases. These viruses can be killed with medicine and cures but when they are spreading and active I believe that they are alive.

 

6) Yes, there are viruses that kill bacteria and can be beneficial there are also bacteria (strains of E. coli) that live in our intestinal flora and metabolize Vitamin K₂ for us.

Viruses

Part one-
 1) The general structure of viruses are very small, they are approximately 15 - 25 nanometers in diameter. They are called nucleic acids and are in a protein shell or coat.

2) The genetic material that makes up the virus can be the following; Double stranded DNA, Double stranded RNA, single stranded DNA and Single stranded RNA. This genetic material is dependent on the type of virus and its nature it is also covered by a protein shell.

3)

 



4) Plant-  Polymyxa graminis is a species of plasmodiophorid protist. It is an obligate parasite of plant roots and though itself in non-pathogenic, it is responsible for the transmission of several very important plant viruses, including barley yellow mosaic virus and soil-borne wheat mosaic virus .

 

Animal- Rabies is a viral disease that causes acute encephalitis in warm-blooded animals.The disease is zoonotic, meaning it can be transmitted to humans from another species (such as dogs), commonly by a bite from an infected animal. For a human, rabies is almost invariably fatal if postexposure prophylaxis is not administered prior to the onset of severe symptoms. The rabies virus infects the central nervous system, ultimately causing disease in the brain and death.

 

5) I think viruses are very much alive. They spread for organism to organism and create diseases. These viruses can be killed with medicine and cures but when they are spreading and active I believe that they are alive.

 

6) Yes, there are viruses that kill bacteria and can be beneficial there are also bacteria (strains of E. coli) that live in our intestinal flora and metabolize Vitamin K₂ for us.



 
 

Evolution and Natural Selection

My question is: Why are elephants so big?
I think this is because elephants were once very small and couldn't survive in its environment and to survive it had to become larger. So over time elephants started becoming larger and larger so they could survive.

Sycamore, planetree (platanus)

Answer

http://www.sciencemadesimple.com/leaves.html

A chemical called chlorophyll helps make photosynthesis happen. Chlorophyll is what gives plants their green color.  As the bright green fades away, we begin to see yellow and orange colors.Glucose is what makes the leaves bright red and purple.

science question

Why do leaves change color